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RON2.0 [Ronin 2.0] Token

About RON2.0

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Token 23 months

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Laser Scorebeta Last Audit: 20 August 2022

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Token seems to be anonymous. As long as we are unable to find website score is limited.

temp1.swapBack() (#377-418) sends eth to arbitrary user
Dangerous calls:
- (DevSuccess) = address(devFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBDev}() (#402)
- (BuyBackSuccess) = address(buybackFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBbuyback}() (#404)
Ensure that an arbitrary user cannot withdraw unauthorized funds.

Additional information: link

Reentrancy in temp1._transferFrom(address,address,uint256) (#301-330):
External calls:
- swapBack() (#319)
- router.swapExactTokensForETHSupportingFeeOnTransferTokens(amountToSwap,0,path,address(this),block.timestamp) (#388-394)
- (DevSuccess) = address(devFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBDev}() (#402)
- (BuyBackSuccess) = address(buybackFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBbuyback}() (#404)
- router.addLiquidityETH{value: amountBNBLiquidity}(address(this),amountToLiquify,0,0,devFeeReceiver,block.timestamp) (#408-415)
External calls sending eth:
- swapBack() (#319)
- (DevSuccess) = address(devFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBDev}() (#402)
- (BuyBackSuccess) = address(buybackFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBbuyback}() (#404)
- router.addLiquidityETH{value: amountBNBLiquidity}(address(this),amountToLiquify,0,0,devFeeReceiver,block.timestamp) (#408-415)
State variables written after the call(s):
- _balances[sender] = _balances[sender].sub(amount,Insufficient Balance) (#323)
- _balances[recipient] = _balances[recipient].add(amountReceived) (#326)
- amountReceived = takeFee(sender,recipient,amount) (#325)
- _balances[address(this)] = _balances[address(this)].add(feeAmount) (#356)
Apply the check-effects-interactions pattern.

Additional information: link


Unable to find manual contract audit (e.g. Certik, PeckShield, Solidity...)


Combination 1: Reentrancy vulnerabilities + Functions that send Ether to arbitraty destination. Usual for scams. May be justified by some complex mechanics (e.g. rebase, reflections). DYOR & manual audit are advised.

temp1.slitherConstructorVariables() (#198-514) performs a multiplication on the result of a division:
-swapThreshold = _totalSupply / 1000 * 3 (#238)
Consider ordering multiplication before division.

Additional information: link

temp1.swapBack() (#377-418) ignores return value by router.addLiquidityETH{value: amountBNBLiquidity}(address(this),amountToLiquify,0,0,devFeeReceiver,block.timestamp) (#408-415)
Ensure that all the return values of the function calls are used.

Additional information: link

temp1.setFees(uint256,uint256,uint256,uint256) (#447-454) should emit an event for:
- liquidityFee = _liquidityFee (#448)
- devFee = _devFee (#449)
- buybackFee = _buybackFee (#450)
- totalFee = _liquidityFee.add(_devFee).add(_buybackFee) (#451)
- feeDenominator = _feeDenominator (#452)
temp1.setSellMultiplier(uint256) (#469-471) should emit an event for:
- _sellMultiplier = multiplier (#470)
temp1.setTxLimit(uint256) (#477-480) should emit an event for:
- _maxTxAmount = amountBuy (#478)
Emit an event for critical parameter changes.

Additional information: link

Auth.transferOwnership(address).adr (#137) lacks a zero-check on :
- owner = adr (#138)
temp1.setFeeReceiver(address,address)._devFeeReceiver (#472) lacks a zero-check on :
- devFeeReceiver = _devFeeReceiver (#473)
temp1.setFeeReceiver(address,address)._buybackFeeReceiver (#472) lacks a zero-check on :
- buybackFeeReceiver = _buybackFeeReceiver (#474)
Check that the address is not zero.

Additional information: link

Reentrancy in temp1._transferFrom(address,address,uint256) (#301-330):
External calls:
- swapBack() (#319)
- router.swapExactTokensForETHSupportingFeeOnTransferTokens(amountToSwap,0,path,address(this),block.timestamp) (#388-394)
- (DevSuccess) = address(devFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBDev}() (#402)
- (BuyBackSuccess) = address(buybackFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBbuyback}() (#404)
- router.addLiquidityETH{value: amountBNBLiquidity}(address(this),amountToLiquify,0,0,devFeeReceiver,block.timestamp) (#408-415)
External calls sending eth:
- swapBack() (#319)
- (DevSuccess) = address(devFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBDev}() (#402)
- (BuyBackSuccess) = address(buybackFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBbuyback}() (#404)
- router.addLiquidityETH{value: amountBNBLiquidity}(address(this),amountToLiquify,0,0,devFeeReceiver,block.timestamp) (#408-415)
State variables written after the call(s):
- launch() (#321)
- launchedAt = block.number (#438)
Reentrancy in temp1.constructor() (#247-267):
External calls:
- pair = IDEXFactory(router.factory()).createPair(WBNB,address(this)) (#249)
State variables written after the call(s):
- _allowances[address(this)][address(router)] = type()(uint256).max (#250)
- _balances[_owner] = _totalSupply (#265)
- isFeeExempt[msg.sender] = true (#253)
- isTimelockExempt[msg.sender] = true (#260)
- isTimelockExempt[DEAD] = true (#261)
- isTimelockExempt[address(this)] = true (#262)
- isTxLimitExempt[msg.sender] = true (#255)
- isTxLimitExempt[address(this)] = true (#256)
- isTxLimitExempt[routerAddress] = true (#257)
Apply the check-effects-interactions pattern.

Additional information: link

Reentrancy in temp1._transferFrom(address,address,uint256) (#301-330):
External calls:
- swapBack() (#319)
- router.swapExactTokensForETHSupportingFeeOnTransferTokens(amountToSwap,0,path,address(this),block.timestamp) (#388-394)
- (DevSuccess) = address(devFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBDev}() (#402)
- (BuyBackSuccess) = address(buybackFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBbuyback}() (#404)
- router.addLiquidityETH{value: amountBNBLiquidity}(address(this),amountToLiquify,0,0,devFeeReceiver,block.timestamp) (#408-415)
External calls sending eth:
- swapBack() (#319)
- (DevSuccess) = address(devFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBDev}() (#402)
- (BuyBackSuccess) = address(buybackFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBbuyback}() (#404)
- router.addLiquidityETH{value: amountBNBLiquidity}(address(this),amountToLiquify,0,0,devFeeReceiver,block.timestamp) (#408-415)
Event emitted after the call(s):
- Transfer(sender,address(this),feeAmount) (#357)
- amountReceived = takeFee(sender,recipient,amount) (#325)
- Transfer(sender,recipient,amountReceived) (#328)
Reentrancy in temp1.constructor() (#247-267):
External calls:
- pair = IDEXFactory(router.factory()).createPair(WBNB,address(this)) (#249)
Event emitted after the call(s):
- Transfer(address(0),_owner,_totalSupply) (#266)
Reentrancy in temp1.swapBack() (#377-418):
External calls:
- router.swapExactTokensForETHSupportingFeeOnTransferTokens(amountToSwap,0,path,address(this),block.timestamp) (#388-394)
- (DevSuccess) = address(devFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBDev}() (#402)
- (BuyBackSuccess) = address(buybackFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBbuyback}() (#404)
- router.addLiquidityETH{value: amountBNBLiquidity}(address(this),amountToLiquify,0,0,devFeeReceiver,block.timestamp) (#408-415)
External calls sending eth:
- (DevSuccess) = address(devFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBDev}() (#402)
- (BuyBackSuccess) = address(buybackFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBbuyback}() (#404)
- router.addLiquidityETH{value: amountBNBLiquidity}(address(this),amountToLiquify,0,0,devFeeReceiver,block.timestamp) (#408-415)
Event emitted after the call(s):
- AutoLiquify(amountBNBLiquidity,amountToLiquify) (#416)
Apply the check-effects-interactions pattern.

Additional information: link

temp1._transferFrom(address,address,uint256) (#301-330) uses timestamp for comparisons
Dangerous comparisons:
- require(bool,string)(cooldownTimer[recipient] < block.timestamp,Please wait for 1min between two operations) (#316)
Avoid relying on block.timestamp.

Additional information: link

temp1.buyTokens(uint256,address) (#420-431) is never used and should be removed
Remove unused functions.

Additional information: link

temp1._maxTxAmount (#210) is set pre-construction with a non-constant function or state variable:
- (_totalSupply * 100) / 100
temp1._maxWalletSize (#211) is set pre-construction with a non-constant function or state variable:
- (_totalSupply * 2) / 100
temp1.swapThreshold (#238) is set pre-construction with a non-constant function or state variable:
- _totalSupply / 1000 * 3
Remove any initialization of state variables via non-constant state variables or function calls. If variables must be set upon contract deployment, locate initialization in the constructor instead.

Additional information: link

Pragma version^0.8.13 (#19) necessitates a version too recent to be trusted. Consider deploying with 0.6.12/0.7.6/0.8.7
solc-0.8.13 is not recommended for deployment
Deploy with any of the following Solidity versions: 0.5.16 - 0.5.17, 0.6.11 - 0.6.12, 0.7.5 - 0.7.6 Use a simple pragma version that allows any of these versions. Consider using the latest version of Solidity for testing.

Additional information: link

Low level call in temp1.swapBack() (#377-418):
- (DevSuccess) = address(devFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBDev}() (#402)
- (BuyBackSuccess) = address(buybackFeeReceiver).call{gas: 30000,value: amountBNBbuyback}() (#404)
Avoid low-level calls. Check the call success. If the call is meant for a contract, check for code existence

Additional information: link

Variable Auth._intAddr (#84) is not in mixedCase
Function IDEXRouter.WETH() (#152) is not in mixedCase
Contract temp1 (#198-514) is not in CapWords
Parameter temp1.tradingStatus(bool)._status (#363) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.setFees(uint256,uint256,uint256,uint256)._liquidityFee (#447) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.setFees(uint256,uint256,uint256,uint256)._devFee (#447) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.setFees(uint256,uint256,uint256,uint256)._buybackFee (#447) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.setFees(uint256,uint256,uint256,uint256)._feeDenominator (#447) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.cooldownEnabled(bool,uint8)._status (#456) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.cooldownEnabled(bool,uint8)._interval (#456) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.setFeeReceiver(address,address)._devFeeReceiver (#472) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.setFeeReceiver(address,address)._buybackFeeReceiver (#472) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.setSwapBackSettings(bool,uint256)._enabled (#481) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.setSwapBackSettings(bool,uint256)._amount (#481) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.blacklistAddress(address,bool)._address (#486) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.blacklistAddress(address,bool)._value (#486) is not in mixedCase
Parameter temp1.transferForeignToken(address)._token (#494) is not in mixedCase
Variable temp1.WBNB (#200) is not in mixedCase
Variable temp1.DEAD (#201) is not in mixedCase
Variable temp1.ZERO (#202) is not in mixedCase
Constant temp1._name (#205) is not in UPPER_CASE_WITH_UNDERSCORES
Constant temp1._symbol (#206) is not in UPPER_CASE_WITH_UNDERSCORES
Constant temp1._decimals (#207) is not in UPPER_CASE_WITH_UNDERSCORES
Variable temp1._totalSupply (#209) is not in mixedCase
Variable temp1._maxTxAmount (#210) is not in mixedCase
Variable temp1._maxWalletSize (#211) is not in mixedCase
Variable temp1._balances (#213) is not in mixedCase
Variable temp1._allowances (#214) is not in mixedCase
Variable temp1._sellMultiplier (#226) is not in mixedCase
Follow the Solidity naming convention.

Additional information: link

Variable IDEXRouter.addLiquidity(address,address,uint256,uint256,uint256,uint256,address,uint256).amountADesired (#157) is too similar to IDEXRouter.addLiquidity(address,address,uint256,uint256,uint256,uint256,address,uint256).amountBDesired (#158)
Prevent variables from having similar names.

Additional information: link

temp1.slitherConstructorVariables() (#198-514) uses literals with too many digits:
- DEAD = 0x000000000000000000000000000000000000dEaD (#201)
temp1.slitherConstructorVariables() (#198-514) uses literals with too many digits:
- ZERO = 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 (#202)
temp1.slitherConstructorVariables() (#198-514) uses literals with too many digits:
- _totalSupply = 100000000 * (10 ** _decimals) (#209)
Use: Ether suffix, Time suffix, or The scientific notation

Additional information: link

temp1.DEAD (#201) should be constant
temp1.WBNB (#200) should be constant
temp1.ZERO (#202) should be constant
temp1._totalSupply (#209) should be constant
temp1.routerAddress (#203) should be constant
Add the constant attributes to state variables that never change.

Additional information: link

authorize(address) should be declared external:
- Auth.authorize(address) (#108-110)
unauthorize(address) should be declared external:
- Auth.unauthorize(address) (#116-118)
transferOwnership(address) should be declared external:
- Auth.transferOwnership(address) (#137-141)
tradingStatus(bool) should be declared external:
- temp1.tradingStatus(bool) (#363-368)
cooldownEnabled(bool,uint8) should be declared external:
- temp1.cooldownEnabled(bool,uint8) (#456-459)
blacklistAddress(address,bool) should be declared external:
- temp1.blacklistAddress(address,bool) (#486-488)
transferForeignToken(address) should be declared external:
- temp1.transferForeignToken(address) (#494-498)
isOverLiquified(uint256,uint256) should be declared external:
- temp1.isOverLiquified(uint256,uint256) (#508-510)
Use the external attribute for functions never called from the contract.

Additional information: link

Contract name (Ronin 2.0) contains non-alphanumeric characters.
Not a direct threat, but may indicate unreliable intentions of developer. Non-alphanumeric chars (,.;!#*&") are extremely rare among low risk tokens.

Contract ticker (RON2.0) contains non-alphanumeric characters.
Not a direct threat, but may indicate unreliable intentions of developer. Non-alphanumeric chars (,.;!#*&") are extremely rare among low risk tokens.

Holders:


Average 30d PancakeSwap liquidity is less than $100. Token is either dead or inactive.


Number of Binance Smart Chain (BSC) token holders is less than 100. Token is either dead or inactive. Ignore for presale.


Average 30d PancakeSwap volume is low.


Average 30d number of PancakeSwap swaps is low.


Token is deployed only at one blockchain


Token has only one trading pair

Contract has 5% buy tax and 4% sell tax.
Taxes are low and contract ownership is renounced.


Unable to find Telegram and Twitter accounts


Unable to find website, listings and other project-related information


Young tokens have high risks of scam / price dump / death


Token has no active CoinGecko listing / rank


Token has no active CoinMarketCap listing / rank

Price for RON2.0